[enhancement]: disk_setup support for gpt partitions when sgdisk util is not present

[blackboxsw]

Enhancement

Allow disk_setup of gpt partitions in minimal images where sgdisk utility is not present. Fallback to sfdisk if necessary for handling GPT partition inspection and creation.

Steps to reproduce

1. Launch an ubuntu cloud image, with sgdisk removed , providing disk_setup: in cloud-config which defines a gpt partition table type
2. Expect tracebacks on inability to find sgdisk file or directory

test procedure

1. apply the following diff to tip of main

diff --git a/tests/integration_tests/conftest.py b/tests/integration_tests/conftest.py
index b62dae82a..de922735d 100644
--- a/tests/integration_tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/integration_tests/conftest.py
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ def setup_image(session_cloud: IntegrationCloud, request):
     if source.installs_new_version():
         log.info("Installing cloud-init from %s", source.name)
         client.install_new_cloud_init(source)
+    client.execute("rm /usr/sbin/sgdisk")
     if (
         integration_settings.INCLUDE_PROFILE
         and integration_settings.INCLUDE_COVERAGE
diff --git a/tests/integration_tests/modules/test_disk_setup.py b/tests/integration_tests/modules/test_disk_setup.py
index 27a70d32f..8f8f8b3ec 100644
--- a/tests/integration_tests/modules/test_disk_setup.py
+++ b/tests/integration_tests/modules/test_disk_setup.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ device_aliases:
   my_alias: /dev/sdb
 disk_setup:
   my_alias:
-    table_type: mbr
+    table_type: gpt
     layout: [50, 50]
     overwrite: True
 fs_setup:

2. run integration test, keeping the instance around after test completion

CLOUD_INIT_KEEP_INSTANCE=1 CLOUD_INIT_PLATFORM=lxd_vm CLOUD_INIT_CLOUD_INIT_SOURCE=ppa:cloud-init-dev/daily CLOUD_INIT_OS_IMAGE=jammy tox -e integration-tests -- tests/integration_tests/modules/test_disk_setup.py::TestDeviceAliases

3. See warnings about disk setup failing due to missing utilities:

root@cloudinit-1008-135436hv703bwv:~# cloud-init status --format=yaml
---
_schema_version: '1'
boot_status_code: enabled-by-generator
datasource: lxd
detail: DataSourceLXD
errors: []
extended_status: degraded done
init:
    errors: []
    finished: 3.98
    recoverable_errors:
        WARNING:
        - 'Failed partitioning operation

            Error running partition command on /dev/sdb

            Unexpected error while running command.

            Command: [''sgdisk'', ''-p'', ''/dev/sdb'']

            Exit code: -

            Reason: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: b''sgdisk''

            Stdout: -

            Stderr: -'
        - Path %s does not exist or is not a block device
        - Path %s does not exist or is not a block device
    start: 3.31
init-local:
    errors: []
    finished: 2.05
    recoverable_errors: {}
    start: 1.94
last_update: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:06 +0000
modules-config:
    errors: []
    finished: 5.8
    recoverable_errors: {}
    start: 5.55
modules-final:
    errors: []
    finished: 6.04
    recoverable_errors: {}
    start: 5.97
recoverable_errors:
    WARNING:
    - 'Failed partitioning operation

        Error running partition command on /dev/sdb

        Unexpected error while running command.

        Command: [''sgdisk'', ''-p'', ''/dev/sdb'']

        Exit code: -

        Reason: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: b''sgdisk''

        Stdout: -

        Stderr: -'
    - Path %s does not exist or is not a block device
    - Path %s does not exist or is not a block device